BS ISO 13623:2016 pdf free

BS ISO 13623:2016 pdf free.Petroleum and natural gas industries – Pipeline transportation systems
Loads arising from the intended use and residual loads from other sources shall be classified as functional.
NOTE The weight of the pipeline, including components and fluid, and loads due to pressure and temperature are examples of functional loads arising from the intended use of the system. Pre-stressing, residual stresses from installation, soil cover, external hydrostatic pressure, marine growth, subsidence and differential settlement,frost heave and thaw settlement, and sustained loads from icing are examples of functional loads from other sources. Reaction forces at supports from functional loads and loads due to sustained displacements, rotations of supports or impact by changes in flow direction are also functional.
The design pressure at any point in the pipeline system shall be equal to or greater than the maximum allowable operating pressure (MAOP). Pressures due to static head of the fluid shall be included in the steady-state pressures.
Incidental pressures during transient conditions in excess of MAOP are permitted, provided they are of limited frequency and duration, and the MAOP is not exceeded by more than 10 %.
NOTE Pressure due to surges, failure of pressure control equipment, and cumulative pressures during activation of over-pressure protection devices are examples of incidental pressures. Pressures caused by heating of blocked-in static fluid are also incidental pressures, provided blocking-in is not a regular operating activity.The range of fluid temperatures during normal operations and anticipated blowdown conditions shall be considered when determining temperature-induced loads. Both a maximum design temperature and a minimum design temperature shall be established.
Loads arising from the environment shall be classified as environmental, except where it is necessary that they be considered as functional (see 6.3.2) or when, due to a low probability of occurrence, as accidental (see 6.3.5).
EXAMPLE Loads from waves, currents, tides, wind, snow, ice, earthquake, traffic, fishing and mining are examples of environmental loads. Loads from vibrations of equipment and displacements caused by structures on the ground or seabed are also examples of environmental loads.BS ISO 13623 pdf free download.